Overview
The Twin Otter is a twin-engine turboprop research aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada. Several organizations including NASA, NOAA, and the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) owned and operated the Twin Otter aircraft to support atmospheric and oceanographic research. It has a typical endurance of 4 to 6 hours, a maximum range of about 600 nautical miles, and a maximum altitude of 25,000 feet. The Twin Otter can support a payload of up to 1,500 to 3,600 lbs depending on the specific aircraft.
Related Campaigns & Instruments
Review the instruments operated on this platform for each of these field campaigns
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Olympic Mountains Experiment
2015—2016
Olympic Peninsula in U.S. Washington State
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 36 Data Products| 2015-11-01 | 2016-05-01 |
Riegl Airborne Laser Scanners are airborne lidar systems produced by Riegl Laser Measurement Systems. They are commonly used for topographic mapping of glacial, agricultural, urban, and geological regions. Operating mainly in the near-infrared wavelength, they can function at altitudes up to about 14,000 feet, with a field of view approximately 60 to 75 degrees, and measurement rates reaching around 3 MHz, depending on the lidar system.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Waveform
Earth Science > Land Surface > Topography
Spectrometers are instruments used to separate and analyze the spectral components of a substance. They usually measure the electromagnetic radiation that has been reflected, absorbed, or transmitted by the physical sample. Spectrometers can operate across the ultraviolet to infrared spectrum. The most common types include optical, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometers. They can be used on aircraft, research vessels, vehicles, and other ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Ultraviolet Wavelengths
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths
The Airborne Snow Observatory (ASO) is an airborne system of remote sensing instruments used to measure snow properties such as snow albedo, snow depth, and snow water equivalent. ASO includes a CASI 1500 imaging spectrometer and a Riegl Q1560 scanning lidar. The CASI spectrometer operates across the 380-1050 nm range and is employed to retrieve spectral albedo. The Riegl Q1560 lidar functions at the 1064 nm wavelength and measures surface elevation to determine snow depths. Snow depth measurements are provided at spatial resolutions of 3m and 50m, while snow water equivalent measurements are available only at a 50m resolution.
Earth Science > Cryosphere > Snow/ice > Albedo
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Snow Water Equivalent
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Radiance
Earth Science > Cryosphere > Snow/ice > Snow Depth
Earth Science > Land Surface > Topography > Terrain Elevation
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths
Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study
1994—1996
Boreal forests of central Canada
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2 Deployments
· 303 Data Products| 1994-02-02 | 1994-09-19 |
| 1996-02-27 | 1996-10-21 |
Generic-Radiometers refer to non-specific radiometers on a platform. These are typically passive microwave radiometers that measure brightness temperature. Radiometers can be used to retrieve temperature and water vapor profiles, soil moisture content, ocean salinity, precipitation and cloud properties, and vegetation.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
Rosemount Pressure Probes are in situ airborne pressure sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide high-precision atmospheric pressure measurements and are typically used to gather flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Pressure Probes consist of various pressure transducers, gauges, and multivariable and coplanar transmitters.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Differential Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Rosemount Temperature Probes are in situ airborne temperature sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide atmospheric temperature measurements and are typically used to collect flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Temperature Probes consist of temperature transmitters, thermocouple sensors, resistance temperature detectors, and other temperature sensors.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Upper Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
LI-COR Gas Analyzer is an in situ gas analyzer manufactured by LI-COR. They can be deployed on aircraft, research vessels, vehicles, balloons, and ground-based platforms. They provide measurements of various trace gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapor (H2O). Most models use Optical Feedback-Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) to collect measurements. LI-COR gas analyzers have a typical measurement rate of 1 Hz and an operating temperature range of -25 to 45 degrees Celsius.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Ammonia
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrous Oxide
The Precision Radiation Thermometer (PRT-5) is an in situ infrared temperature sensor. It makes non-contact infrared (8-14 μm) temperature measurements between -50 to 150 degrees Celsius with an accuracy of 0.5 degrees Celsius. It has a typical field of view of 2 degrees and a response time of either 0.3 Hz, 3 Hz, or 30 Hz. PRT-5 can be deployed on aircraft, vehicles, research vessels, and other ground-based platforms. It can be used for sea surface, ocean water, cloud, and air temperature measurements.
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Upper Air Temperature
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Thermo Scientific Gas Analyzers are in situ gas analyzers manufactured by ThermoFisher Scientific. They provide precise measurements of various trace gases such as ozone, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. Thermo Scientific Gas Analyzers can be deployed on aircraft, research vessels, and ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Monoxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Sulfur Compounds > Sulfur Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Oxygen Compounds > Ozone
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
A pyranometer is a ground-based or airborne radiation sensor that measures solar irradiance across a hemispherical field of view. It detects the amount of solar energy reaching the surface, capturing both direct and diffuse sunlight. Pyranometers operate within a spectral range of 280-3000 nm. They are most commonly used for solar monitoring, climate research, weather forecasting, agriculture, and energy management.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
SnowEx
2016—2023
Colorado, Idaho, Utah, Alaska
Ongoing
view all deployment dates
4 Deployments
· 26 Data Products| 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-26 |
| 2019-11-14 | 2020-03-12 |
| 2020-11-16 | 2021-05-27 |
| 2022-10-22 | 2023-10-28 |
The Wideband Instrument for Snow Measurements (WISM) instrument was developed to address a remote sensing need to measure surface snowfall and its associated snow water equivalent. WISM consists of two airborne instruments: a dual-frequency (X and Ku) Synthetic Aperture Radar and a dual-frequency (X and Ka) radiometer with a shared common antenna aperture between the two.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Snow Water Equivalent
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Solid Precipitation > Snow
Cloud and Land Surface Interaction Campaign 2007
2007
Southern Great Plains, Oklahoma, Kansas
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1 Deployment
· 7 Data Products| 2007-06-11 | 2007-07-06 |
The Passive Active L- and S-band Sensor (PALS) is a combined airborne polarimetric radiometer and radar developed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). It was designed to evaluate the advantages of merging passive and active remote sensors for measuring ocean salinity and soil moisture. Both the radiometer and radar in PALS operate across the L-band (1.41 GHz, 1.26 GHz) and S-band (2.69 GHz, 3.15 GHz) frequencies to measure brightness temperature and radar backscatter related to ocean salinity and soil moisture. Depending on the aircraft's altitude, PALS has a spatial resolution ranging from 600 to 1500 meters. Its design allows for installation on various aircraft and is typically used to validate observations from the Aquarius and SMAP satellite observations.
Earth Science > Land Surface > Soils > Soil Moisture/water Content
Earth Science > Oceans > Salinity/density > Salinity
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Cross-section
Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment
2017—2026
Alaska, Northwestern Canada
Ongoing
view all deployment dates
6 Deployments
· 136 Data Products| 2018-07-02 | 2018-09-01 |
| 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-26 |
| 2017-04-27 | 2017-11-04 |
| 2019-06-30 | 2019-09-17 |
| 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-21 |
| 2024-08-12 | 2024-08-26 |
The Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (CFIS) is an airborne passive spectrometer developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). It was designed to validate solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) measurements from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite. CFIS is an imaging grating spectrometer that measures SIF in the 737-772 nm spectral range. CFIS data is typically gridded to a spatial resolution of 30 m for comparison with satellite observations. It has a swath width of 905 m and an across-track pixel size of 3.5 m at a flight altitude of 5 km above ground level.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths
Earth Science > Biosphere > Vegetation > Chlorophyll
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Radiance
First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Field Experiment
1987—1989
Central Kansas
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2 Deployments
· 101 Data Products| 1987-05-26 | 1987-10-16 |
| 1989-07-24 | 1989-08-12 |
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
Rosemount Pressure Probes are in situ airborne pressure sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide high-precision atmospheric pressure measurements and are typically used to gather flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Pressure Probes consist of various pressure transducers, gauges, and multivariable and coplanar transmitters.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Differential Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Accelerometers are in situ sensors that measure the acceleration experienced by an object. Accelerometers utilize electromagnetic sensing to detect the vibration of an object. The force of vibration causes the sensor to produce an electrical charge, indicating how much force was exerted, which can be used to determine the acceleration. Accelerometers are typically used on aircraft when collecting flight navigation information. Accelerometers have also been deployed on research vessels and other water-based platforms such as buoys.
Earth Science > >
The Precision Radiation Thermometer (PRT-5) is an in situ infrared temperature sensor. It makes non-contact infrared (8-14 μm) temperature measurements between -50 to 150 degrees Celsius with an accuracy of 0.5 degrees Celsius. It has a typical field of view of 2 degrees and a response time of either 0.3 Hz, 3 Hz, or 30 Hz. PRT-5 can be deployed on aircraft, vehicles, research vessels, and other ground-based platforms. It can be used for sea surface, ocean water, cloud, and air temperature measurements.
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Upper Air Temperature
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Rosemount Temperature Probes are in situ airborne temperature sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide atmospheric temperature measurements and are typically used to collect flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Temperature Probes consist of temperature transmitters, thermocouple sensors, resistance temperature detectors, and other temperature sensors.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Upper Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Video cameras capture video recordings of various phenomena for research purposes. They are used on aircraft to provide continuous views of weather and terrain below the flight path. Video cameras are also employed to verify the aircraft's flight track. Additionally, they are deployed at field sites to monitor changes in vegetation, land cover, clouds, air quality, glaciers, and other Earth science phenomena.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
A pyranometer is a ground-based or airborne radiation sensor that measures solar irradiance across a hemispherical field of view. It detects the amount of solar energy reaching the surface, capturing both direct and diffuse sunlight. Pyranometers operate within a spectral range of 280-3000 nm. They are most commonly used for solar monitoring, climate research, weather forecasting, agriculture, and energy management.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
Sub-Mesoscale Ocean Dynamics Experiment
2021—2023
Centered approximately 300 km offshore of San Francisco, California, USA
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3 Deployments
· 39 Data Products| 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 |
| 2022-10-06 | 2022-11-07 |
| 2021-10-17 | 2021-11-09 |
The Modular Aerial Sensing System (MASS) is a remote sensing airborne instrument suite operated by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. It comprises an airborne topographic lidar, hyperspectral camera, longwave infrared (LWIR) camera, infrared pyrometer, and video and digital camera systems. The lidar maps ocean and land surface topography at the 1550 nm wavelength at 400 kHz repetition rate with a spatial resolution of 50 cm at an altitude of 915 m. The hyperspectral camera is a pushbroom imager operating in the 400-1000 nm spectral range with a resolution of 66 cm. The LWIR camera operates in the 7.5-9.5 μm spectral range with a resolution of 1.06 m or 1.76 m, depending on the scan angle. Video and digital cameras provide imagery at a resolution of 36 cm and 16 cm, respectively. The pyrometer operates in the 9.6-11.5 μm spectral range and provides temperature measurements at a rate of 30 Hz.
Earth Science > Oceans > Sea Surface Topography
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Thermal Infrared
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar
Earth Science > Land Surface > Topography
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Imagery
Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers Florida Area Cirrus Experiment
2002
Southern Florida
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1 Deployment
· 1 Data Product| 2002-07-03 | 2002-07-29 |
The Multi-sample Aerosol Collection System (MACS) is an in situ airborne aerosol sampling system. It consists of a two-stage impact collector, which allows for the collection of aerosol particles on electron microscope grids for further analysis. MACS can collect particles as small as 0.02 μm for altitudes up to 60,000 feet. MACS can collect around 24 samples per flight.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
The Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) is an in situ spectrometer developed by Aerodyne Research. It employs quadrupole mass spectrometry to measure aerosol chemical composition and properties. It can detect particles ranging from 40 nm to 1 micron in size and has a time resolution of up to 10 Hz. It can be installed on aircraft, research vessels, mobile laboratories, or other ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Chemical Composition
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs) are in situ sensors that measure aerosol particle concentrations. CPCs determine aerosol levels by condensing fluid onto particles, causing them to grow to sizes detectable by optical scattering. Typically, CPCs can detect particles ranging from 7 nm to 3 μm, measure concentrations up to 100,000 particles per cubic centimeter, and provide readings every second. CPCs are manufactured by TSI Incorporated and can be used on airborne, shipborne, and ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Generic-Chemistry Related Sensors (Gen-Chemistry) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for atmospheric chemistry measurements. These are typically in situ analyzers that measure various chemical compounds such as trace gases, halocarbons, volatile organic compounds, nitrates, aerosols, and other chemical species. Measurements can include mixing ratio, composition, particle size, optical properties, and particle size distribution.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality > Volatile Organic Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds
The Linear Etalon Imaging Spectral Array (LEISA) is an airborne infrared (IR) hyperspectral imager. It is the airborne of the LEISA satellite instrument and is used for calibration and validation. It operates across the 1 to 2.5 microns spectral range to collect IR imagery. It has a spatial resolution of 2 meters at a 1 km altitude and of 20 meters at a 10 km altitude. LEISA has a swath width of approximately 29 degrees.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Imagery
The Passive-Cavity Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (PCASP) is an in situ airborne optical spectrometer manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It detects light scattered by particles to determine aerosol size distribution and concentration within the 0.1 to 3.0 μm range. PCASP operates at a wavelength of 632 nm and typically samples at 10 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Cloud Aerosol and Precipitation Spectrometer (CAPS) is an in situ airborne spectrometer manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It combines the Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP), the Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS), and the Hotwire Liquid Water Content (LWC) Sensor into a single instrument. CAPS measures the size distribution of aerosol, cloud, and liquid droplets for particles between 50-1600 μm in size, with a time resolution of 1 Hz. It can also capture images of cloud particles and provide measurements of temperature, pressure, and LWC.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Droplet Size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
The Microorifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI) is an in situ airborne or ground-based sampler developed by the MSP Corporation. It is an eight-stage impactor used for high-accuracy aerosol sampling for gravimetric or chemical analysis. MOUDI has a sample flow rate of 30 liters per minute and can sample particles in the size range of 0.056-18 µm. It is used for applications such as air pollution research, engine emission testing, and aerosol analysis.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Broadband Radiometers (BBR) are modified versions of the Kipp & Zonen CM-22 pyranometers and CG-4 pyrgeometers. They have been adapted for use on airborne platforms through different instrument housing and signal amplification. BBR measures solar irradiance in the 0.2-3.6 μm wavelength range and infrared (IR) irradiance in the 4.5-42 μm range. These measurements can be used to derive net irradiance, radiative forcing, absorption, and albedo. It has a typical sampling rate of 1 Hz and a hemispheric field of view.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Absorption
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Radiative Forcing
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Albedo
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Radiative Flux
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
The Solar Spectral Flux Radiometer (SSFR) is an airborne radiometer developed by the Ames Atmospheric Radiation Group. It measures solar spectral irradiance in the troposphere. SSFR works within the 300-2150 nm wavelength range and offers a spectral resolution of 8-12 nm. It typically collects data at 1 Hz and has a radiometric accuracy of 3%.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Spectral Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Radiative Flux
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
The Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) is an in situ spectrometer manufactured by TSI Instruments. APS measures aerodynamic particles in the 0.5-20 μm size range. It also measures the light-scattering intensity of the particles in the 0.37-20 μm optical size range. APS provides particle size distributions for 52 channels at a typical sampling time of 1 second. It uses a laser diode operating at 655 nm and has a size resolution of 0.02 μm at 1 μm. APS can be deployed on aircraft, ships, or ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Condensation Nuclei Counter (CNC) is optical method for
counting atmospheric aerosol particles.
Earth Science > >
The Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP) is an in situ airborne optical particle counter initially developed by Particle Measuring Systems, Inc. It determines particle size distribution by measuring the light intensity scattered by individual particles within the cloud. FSSP can detect particles ranging from 0.5 to 47 μm in diameter. It functions at a wavelength of 633 nm and typically samples at a rate of 1 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
The Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (TDMA) is an in situ airborne and ground-based analyzer that measures the physical properties of aerosol particles, such as size distribution and concentration. It can measure particles in the size range of 0.013 to 0.75 mm with a size resolution of 0.013 mm at 0.2 mm. The TDMA is often combined with an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) to enable measurements of particles in the submicron range. A typical measurement sequence of TDMA takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Forward Scatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Backscatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Cloud Condensation Nuclei
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
TSI Particle Probes are in situ particle counters and detectors manufactured by TSI Incorporated. They are used to detect aerosol particles and determine concentration and particle counts. TSI Particle Probes are typically combined with particle sizers, which can measure size distribution. TSI Particle Probes can be deployed on aircraft, research vessels, and ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality
2019
Northwestern and Southeastern US
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 27 Data Products| 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-05 |
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
Generic-Radiometers refer to non-specific radiometers on a platform. These are typically passive microwave radiometers that measure brightness temperature. Radiometers can be used to retrieve temperature and water vapor profiles, soil moisture content, ocean salinity, precipitation and cloud properties, and vegetation.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
The Forward Looking InfraRed (FLIR) imaging camera is an airborne infrared camera that measures radiance and provides thermal images. It is used to detect thermal properties of various land surfaces such as vegetation, water, snow, and soil. FLIR operates within the 8-12 μm spectral range. It has a field of view of 110 meters by 30 meters at an altitude of 600 meters above ground level.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Radiance
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Imagery
The Micro-pulse Doppler (MicroDop) Lidar is a scanning Doppler lidar system operated by the NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory. It measures lidar backscatter at around 1.5 μm to provide profiles of horizontal winds and aerosol backscatter intensity (ABI) profiles. MicroDop has a vertical resolution of 33.6 m, a maximum range of 7 km, and a typical temporal resolution of 2 Hz. It can be deployed on aircraft, research vessels, and ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Wind Profiles
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Platform Characteristics > Line Of Sight Velocity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Backscatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Wind Profiles > Line Of Sight Winds
Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality
2019
Northwestern and Southeastern US
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 27 Data Products| 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-05 |
The Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) is an in situ spectrometer developed by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It can be used on both airborne and ground-based platforms to measure aerosol size distribution and concentration. UHSAS determines particle size by detecting the peak light signals from aerosol particles illuminated by a 1054 nm laser. It can sample particles in the 60–1000 nm size range and operates at a sampling frequency of 10 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Generic-Chemistry Related Sensors (Gen-Chemistry) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for atmospheric chemistry measurements. These are typically in situ analyzers that measure various chemical compounds such as trace gases, halocarbons, volatile organic compounds, nitrates, aerosols, and other chemical species. Measurements can include mixing ratio, composition, particle size, optical properties, and particle size distribution.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality > Volatile Organic Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds
NOx/NOxy is an in situ chemiluminescence instrument that measures nitrogen oxides and ozone in the atmosphere. It offers a spatial resolution better than 100 meters at typical DC-8 research flight speeds. NOx/NOxy can be used on ground-based, airborne, and shipborne platforms, enabling it to support various atmospheric chemistry and air quality studies.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrogen Oxides
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrogen Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitric Oxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Oxygen Compounds > Ozone
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality > Nitrogen Oxides
The Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) is an in situ spectrometer developed by Aerodyne Research. It employs quadrupole mass spectrometry to measure aerosol chemical composition and properties. It can detect particles ranging from 40 nm to 1 micron in size and has a time resolution of up to 10 Hz. It can be installed on aircraft, research vessels, mobile laboratories, or other ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Chemical Composition
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Particle Into Liquid Sampler (PILS) is an in situ aerosol sampler manufactured by Brechtel Manufacturing Inc. PILS can be used by both ground-based and airborne platforms to gather continuous data on ambient aerosol bulk composition. The particles collected by PILS are mixed with saturated water vapor to form droplets that are analyzed by either an ion chromatograph (IC) or a total organic carbon detector (TOC). PILS can detect aerosol particles ranging from 70 nm to 2.5 μm in size and offers a time resolution of 3 minutes for airborne measurements and 15 minutes for ground-based measurements.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Sulfate Particles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Organic Particles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Nitrate Particles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Particulate Matter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Chemical Composition
The NOAA Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (NOAA-CIMS) is an in situ airborne spectrometer developed by NOAA. It was designed to provide high-precision measurements of reactive nitrogen and halogen species such as nitric acid, nitric oxide, and bromine chloride in the upper atmosphere. It can also provide measurements of ozone and water vapor concentrations. NOAA-CIMS has a detection limit of 30 pptv and a temporal resolution of 1 second.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitric Acid
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitric Oxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Oxygen Compounds > Ozone
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens > Chlorine Nitrate
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens > Bromine Monoxide
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
The Picarro gas concentration analyzer is an in situ airborne or ground-based sensor manufactured by Picarro, Inc. It uses Wavelength-Scanned Cavity Ring Spectroscopy (WS-CRDS) to measure trace gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and water vapor. For carbon dioxide measurements, the laser within Picarro operates at 1603 nm wavelength, while 1651 nm wavelength is used for methane and water vapor measurements. Picarro has a typical sampling time of 2.5 seconds. Depending on the model, Picarro can also provide measurements of carbon isotopes for gas concentrations.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Monoxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Ammonia
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrogen Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrous Oxide
Generic-Radiometers refer to non-specific radiometers on a platform. These are typically passive microwave radiometers that measure brightness temperature. Radiometers can be used to retrieve temperature and water vapor profiles, soil moisture content, ocean salinity, precipitation and cloud properties, and vegetation.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
This data will be added in future versions
Earth Science > >
Cloud and Land Surface Interaction Campaign 2007
2007
Southern Great Plains, Oklahoma, Kansas
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 7 Data Products| 2007-06-11 | 2007-07-06 |
The Passive-Cavity Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (PCASP) is an in situ airborne optical spectrometer manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It detects light scattered by particles to determine aerosol size distribution and concentration within the 0.1 to 3.0 μm range. PCASP operates at a wavelength of 632 nm and typically samples at 10 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
The Cloud Aerosol and Precipitation Spectrometer (CAPS) is an in situ airborne spectrometer manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It combines the Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP), the Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS), and the Hotwire Liquid Water Content (LWC) Sensor into a single instrument. CAPS measures the size distribution of aerosol, cloud, and liquid droplets for particles between 50-1600 μm in size, with a time resolution of 1 Hz. It can also capture images of cloud particles and provide measurements of temperature, pressure, and LWC.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Droplet Size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
Generic-Chemistry Related Sensors (Gen-Chemistry) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for atmospheric chemistry measurements. These are typically in situ analyzers that measure various chemical compounds such as trace gases, halocarbons, volatile organic compounds, nitrates, aerosols, and other chemical species. Measurements can include mixing ratio, composition, particle size, optical properties, and particle size distribution.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality > Volatile Organic Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds
This data will be added in future versions
Earth Science > >
The Total Sky Imager (TSI) is a ground-based, optical instrument developed by Yankee Environmental Systems (YES), Inc. TSI provides full-color, hemispheric images of the sky during the day using a charge-coupled device (CCD) imager. It also measures fractional sky cover and sun obscuration caused by clouds. TSI can be mounted on mobile platforms such as trailers and research vehicles, enabling it to collect cloud cover data in different locations during field studies.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Properties > Cloud Fraction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
The Particle Soot Absorption Photometer (PSAP) is an in situ airborne photometer manufactured by Radiance Research. It applies Beer's Law to measure the change in light transmission of aerosol particles. These measurements help determine aerosol absorption and extinction. PSAP operates across three wavelengths (467, 530, and 660 nm) and has a 1-second time resolution. It is usually deployed on aircraft, but it can also be used on ships and vehicles.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Extinction
Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs) are in situ sensors that measure aerosol particle concentrations. CPCs determine aerosol levels by condensing fluid onto particles, causing them to grow to sizes detectable by optical scattering. Typically, CPCs can detect particles ranging from 7 nm to 3 μm, measure concentrations up to 100,000 particles per cubic centimeter, and provide readings every second. CPCs are manufactured by TSI Incorporated and can be used on airborne, shipborne, and ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (TDMA) is an in situ airborne and ground-based analyzer that measures the physical properties of aerosol particles, such as size distribution and concentration. It can measure particles in the size range of 0.013 to 0.75 mm with a size resolution of 0.013 mm at 0.2 mm. The TDMA is often combined with an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) to enable measurements of particles in the submicron range. A typical measurement sequence of TDMA takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Forward Scatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Backscatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Cloud Condensation Nuclei
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
The Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP) is an in situ airborne optical particle counter initially developed by Particle Measuring Systems, Inc. It determines particle size distribution by measuring the light intensity scattered by individual particles within the cloud. FSSP can detect particles ranging from 0.5 to 47 μm in diameter. It functions at a wavelength of 633 nm and typically samples at a rate of 1 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
The Condensation Nuclei Counter (CNC) is optical method for
counting atmospheric aerosol particles.
Earth Science > >
CO2 and Methane Experiment
2014—2015
Southern California
view all deployment dates
3 Deployments
· 5 Data Products| 2014-08-18 | 2014-09-10 |
| 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-05 |
| 2015-08-19 | 2015-08-19 |
The Mako Airborne Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (Mako) is an airborne infrared hyperspectral imaging spectrometer. It measures brightness temperature in the 7.5 to 13.5 µm spectral range across 128 channels. Mako employs a whiskbroom scanning method and has a ground resolution of 2 meters. Its spectral resolution is 44 nm, with a nominal frame rate of 3255 Hz.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Brightness Temperature
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Radiance
CO2 and Methane Experiment
2014—2015
Southern California
view all deployment dates
3 Deployments
· 5 Data Products| 2014-08-18 | 2014-09-10 |
| 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-05 |
| 2015-08-19 | 2015-08-19 |
The Airborne Visible InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer—Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) is an airborne imaging spectrometer developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). It captures visible and infrared imagery primarily used for terrestrial ecology research. It operates between 380 and 2510 nm at a spectral resolution of 5 nm. It has a horizontal resolution of 8 m and a swath width of 4 km at an altitude of 8 km. Its measurement frequency is 100 Hz. It was designed to replace the AVIRIS Classic (AVIRIS-C).
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Radiance
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Radiance
CO2 and Methane Experiment
2014—2015
Southern California
view all deployment dates
3 Deployments
· 5 Data Products| 2014-08-18 | 2014-09-10 |
| 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-05 |
| 2015-08-19 | 2015-08-19 |
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
The Picarro gas concentration analyzer is an in situ airborne or ground-based sensor manufactured by Picarro, Inc. It uses Wavelength-Scanned Cavity Ring Spectroscopy (WS-CRDS) to measure trace gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and water vapor. For carbon dioxide measurements, the laser within Picarro operates at 1603 nm wavelength, while 1651 nm wavelength is used for methane and water vapor measurements. Picarro has a typical sampling time of 2.5 seconds. Depending on the model, Picarro can also provide measurements of carbon isotopes for gas concentrations.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Monoxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Ammonia
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrogen Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrous Oxide
The Integrated Cavity Output Spectrometer (ICOS) is an airborne in situ spectrometer developed by Harvard University. It is a mid-infrared (6.7 μm) spectrometer that measures the primary isotopologues of water vapor in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. It has been integrated onto NASA’s WB-57 aircraft for field investigations of water vapor. It has an average data acquisition rate of 1 Hz and a measurement precision of 0.14 ppbv in 4-second averages for water vapor.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
This description will be added in future versions.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Enhanced Shortwave Experiment
1995—2000
Southern Great Plains, Southwestern United States
view all deployment dates
2 Deployments
· 1 Data Product| 1995-09-22 | 1995-11-01 |
| 2000-02-21 | 2000-04-05 |
The Total Solar Broadband Radiometer (TSBR) is a ground-based or airborne radiometer operated by the Department of Energy (DoE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility. It measures total solar irradiance across wavelengths from 0.224 to 3.91 μm. TSBR uses electrically calibrated pyroelectric detectors and has a hemispherical field of view. It usually operates as part of the Radiation Measurement System (RAMS) instrument package alongside the Fractional Solar Broadband Radiometer (FSBR).
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Shortwave Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance > Shortwave Downward Irradiance
The Total Direct Diffuse Radiometer (TDDR) is a passive radiometer that measures solar irradiance. It can be used for airborne and ground-based operations. TDDR measures total and diffuse irradiance by rotating a shadow arm before the radiometer. These measurements can be used to calculate the direct solar irradiance. TDDR operates across the 0.38-1.6 μm spectral range with a 0.01 μm bandwidth.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
The Fractional Solar Broadband Radiometer (FSBR) is an airborne broadband radiometer that is typically utilized as part of the Radiation Measurement System (RAMS) instrument suite. It measures fractional downwelling shortwave radiation. FSBR covers a portion of the near-infrared spectrum between 0.68 and 3.3 µm and has a data frequency of 9 Hz. FSBR can be deployed on ground-based platforms as well and is a complementary instrument to the Total Solar Broadband Radiometer (TSBR).
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Heat Budget > Shortwave Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Radiation
The Radiation Measurement System (RAMS) is an airborne passive radiometer that measures broadband solar irradiance. RAMS includes two radiometers: the Total Solar Broadband Radiometer (TSBR) and the Fractional Solar Broadband Radiometer (FSBR). The TSBR operates in the 0.224 to 3.91 μm range, while the FSBR operates between 0.68 and 3.3 μm. It has a response time of approximately 60 milliseconds and can provide measurements every 5 meters for aircraft speeds around 75 m/s. RAMS is primarily used for airborne operations but can also be used to collect ground-based measurements.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Enhanced Shortwave Experiment
1995—2000
Southern Great Plains, Southwestern United States
view all deployment dates
2 Deployments
· 1 Data Product| 1995-09-22 | 1995-11-01 |
| 2000-02-21 | 2000-04-05 |
The Scanning Spectral Polarimeter (SSP) is an airborne polarimeter developed by Colorado State University. It uses a rotating optical bandpass filter to measure spectral radiance and fluxes across the 400 to 4000 nm wavelength range. These measurements help to determine cloud optical and microphysical properties. SSP has an accuracy of about 3% and a field of view of 20 mrad.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Radiance
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Radiance
The Total Solar Broadband Radiometer (TSBR) is a ground-based or airborne radiometer operated by the Department of Energy (DoE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility. It measures total solar irradiance across wavelengths from 0.224 to 3.91 μm. TSBR uses electrically calibrated pyroelectric detectors and has a hemispherical field of view. It usually operates as part of the Radiation Measurement System (RAMS) instrument package alongside the Fractional Solar Broadband Radiometer (FSBR).
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Shortwave Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance > Shortwave Downward Irradiance
The Fractional Solar Broadband Radiometer (FSBR) is an airborne broadband radiometer that is typically utilized as part of the Radiation Measurement System (RAMS) instrument suite. It measures fractional downwelling shortwave radiation. FSBR covers a portion of the near-infrared spectrum between 0.68 and 3.3 µm and has a data frequency of 9 Hz. FSBR can be deployed on ground-based platforms as well and is a complementary instrument to the Total Solar Broadband Radiometer (TSBR).
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Heat Budget > Shortwave Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Radiation
The Total Direct Diffuse Radiometer (TDDR) is a passive radiometer that measures solar irradiance. It can be used for airborne and ground-based operations. TDDR measures total and diffuse irradiance by rotating a shadow arm before the radiometer. These measurements can be used to calculate the direct solar irradiance. TDDR operates across the 0.38-1.6 μm spectral range with a 0.01 μm bandwidth.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
The Airborne Cloud Radar (ACR) is an airborne W-band millimeter-wave cloud radar developed by the University of Massachusetts and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). ACR measures reflectivity and is used for profiling cloud vertical structures. It operates at a frequency of 95 GHz and has a beam width of 0.8 degrees. ACR has a range resolution of 38 m, 75 m, or 150 m.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Return Power
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Reflectivity
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Doppler Velocity
The Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP) is an in situ airborne optical particle counter initially developed by Particle Measuring Systems, Inc. It determines particle size distribution by measuring the light intensity scattered by individual particles within the cloud. FSSP can detect particles ranging from 0.5 to 47 μm in diameter. It functions at a wavelength of 633 nm and typically samples at a rate of 1 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
The Radiation Measurement System (RAMS) is an airborne passive radiometer that measures broadband solar irradiance. RAMS includes two radiometers: the Total Solar Broadband Radiometer (TSBR) and the Fractional Solar Broadband Radiometer (FSBR). The TSBR operates in the 0.224 to 3.91 μm range, while the FSBR operates between 0.68 and 3.3 μm. It has a response time of approximately 60 milliseconds and can provide measurements every 5 meters for aircraft speeds around 75 m/s. RAMS is primarily used for airborne operations but can also be used to collect ground-based measurements.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
A pyranometer is a ground-based or airborne radiation sensor that measures solar irradiance across a hemispherical field of view. It detects the amount of solar energy reaching the surface, capturing both direct and diffuse sunlight. Pyranometers operate within a spectral range of 280-3000 nm. They are most commonly used for solar monitoring, climate research, weather forecasting, agriculture, and energy management.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment
2017—2026
Alaska, Northwestern Canada
Ongoing
view all deployment dates
6 Deployments
· 136 Data Products| 2018-07-02 | 2018-09-01 |
| 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-26 |
| 2017-04-27 | 2017-11-04 |
| 2019-06-30 | 2019-09-17 |
| 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-21 |
| 2024-08-12 | 2024-08-26 |
The NEON Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) is an airborne remote sensing instrument suite operated by NSF’s National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). It conducts airborne surveys to collect land cover observations and monitor ecological structure and chemical changes. The NEON AOP includes three instruments: a discrete and full-waveform lidar, an imaging spectrometer, and a high-resolution digital camera. The lidar detects backscatter at 1064 nm to generate three-dimensional maps of topographic features. The imaging spectrometer operates in the visible to near-infrared range (380-2510 nm) to capture images for land cover classification and vegetation analysis. Both the lidar and imaging spectrometer have a spatial resolution of 1 meter. The digital camera captures high-resolution (0.1 m) imagery for contextual information alongside the lidar and hyperspectral imagery.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Radiance
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar
Earth Science > Biosphere > Vegetation > Canopy Characteristics
Earth Science > Biosphere > Vegetation
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Radiance
Earth Science > Land Surface >
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Waveform
Earth Science > Land Surface > Land Use/land Cover
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Infrared Imagery
CLPX
Cold Land Processes Experiment
2002—2008
Central Rocky Mountains, Colorado, Alaska
view all deployment dates
2 Deployments
· 0 Data Products| 2002-02-17 | 2003-04-01 |
| 2006-12-02 | 2008-02-24 |
The Polarimetric Ku-band Scatterometer (PolSCAT) is an airborne polarimetric scanning scatterometer developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). It detects radar backscatter to determine ocean surface winds and snow water equivalent (SWE). PolSCAT operates at 13.95 GHz and can simultaneously identify vertically and horizontally polarized radar signals. It has a footprint of 1 km by 0.7 km when flying at an altitude of 8 km.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Backscatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Snow Water Equivalent
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Winds > Surface Winds
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Winds
Atmospheric Emissions and Reactions Observed from Megacities to Marine Areas
2023
Urban regions across the western and eastern United States
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 0 Data Products| 2023-06-12 | 2023-08-27 |
The Picarro gas concentration analyzer is an in situ airborne or ground-based sensor manufactured by Picarro, Inc. It uses Wavelength-Scanned Cavity Ring Spectroscopy (WS-CRDS) to measure trace gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and water vapor. For carbon dioxide measurements, the laser within Picarro operates at 1603 nm wavelength, while 1651 nm wavelength is used for methane and water vapor measurements. Picarro has a typical sampling time of 2.5 seconds. Depending on the model, Picarro can also provide measurements of carbon isotopes for gas concentrations.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Monoxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Ammonia
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrogen Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrous Oxide
The Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer (MAX-DOAS) is a ground-based passive spectrometer. It measures scattered solar light at different elevations to identify trace gases in the troposphere. MAX-DOAS is designed to have low residual error in the ultraviolet and visible spectra, enabling detection in both clean and polluted environments. Typical MAX-DOAS instruments operate in the 300-700 nm spectral range with a spectral resolution of 0.4-1.5 nm depending on the target species.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrogen Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens > Bromine Monoxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Formaldehyde
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Sulfur Compounds > Sulfur Dioxide
Generic-Chemistry Related Sensors (Gen-Chemistry) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for atmospheric chemistry measurements. These are typically in situ analyzers that measure various chemical compounds such as trace gases, halocarbons, volatile organic compounds, nitrates, aerosols, and other chemical species. Measurements can include mixing ratio, composition, particle size, optical properties, and particle size distribution.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality > Volatile Organic Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds
Generic-Radiometers refer to non-specific radiometers on a platform. These are typically passive microwave radiometers that measure brightness temperature. Radiometers can be used to retrieve temperature and water vapor profiles, soil moisture content, ocean salinity, precipitation and cloud properties, and vegetation.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
The Aircraft-Integrated Meteorological Measurement System (AIMMS) is an in situ airborne sensor developed by Aventech Research, Inc. It measures the aircraft's position, altitude, temperature, relative humidity, static pressure, and three-dimensional wind vector. The system includes an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Global Positioning System (GPS), Air Data Probe (ADP), and a central processing module (CPM) for processing the GPS data. AIMMS provides data at a rate of up to 20 Hz and can operate in temperatures ranging from -20 to 50 degrees Celsius.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Static Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity > Relative Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Altitude
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Upper Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
The Micro-pulse Doppler (MicroDop) Lidar is a scanning Doppler lidar system operated by the NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory. It measures lidar backscatter at around 1.5 μm to provide profiles of horizontal winds and aerosol backscatter intensity (ABI) profiles. MicroDop has a vertical resolution of 33.6 m, a maximum range of 7 km, and a typical temporal resolution of 2 Hz. It can be deployed on aircraft, research vessels, and ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Wind Profiles
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Lidar > Lidar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Platform Characteristics > Line Of Sight Velocity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Backscatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Wind Profiles > Line Of Sight Winds
SHIFT
Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) High-Frequency Time Series
2022
Santa Barbara County, California, Pacific Ocean
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 13 Data Products| 2022-02-24 | 2022-09-27 |
The Hyperspectral Thermal Emissions Spectrometer (HyTES) is an airborne pushbroom imaging spectrometer developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). It was designed to support the Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) missions and has been used in several research missions since 2012. HyTES offers high spatial and spectral resolution measurements of brightness temperature, emissivity, and land surface temperature. It operates across 256 spectral channels between 7.5 and 12 µm wavelengths and has an integration time of 30 ms. HyTES has a horizontal resolution of 7 m and a swath width of 3.6 km at a flight altitude of 4 km. HyTES was funded through NASA’s Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) Instrument Incubator Program (IIP).
Earth Science > Land Surface > Surface Thermal Properties > Land Surface Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Emissivity
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Infrared Wavelengths > Brightness Temperature
Coastal and Ocean Airborne Science Testbed
2011
Monterey Bay, CA
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1 Deployment
· 0 Data Products| 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-28 |
The Coastal Airborne In Situ Radiometers (C-AIR) is an airborne suite of radiometers developed by Biospherical Instruments. It consists of three radiometers that measure solar irradiance, indirect sky radiance, and total surface radiance across 19 spectral channels in the 320-1640 nm wavelength range. C-AIR has a spectral resolution of 10 nm, a sampling rate of 15 Hz, and a spatial resolution of 3.5 m. It is typically used to collect measurements over coastal waters.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
The Airborne Tracking Sun Photometer (ATSP) is an airborne device that measures direct solar beam transmission. The ATSP captures solar beam transmission through multiple channels with wavelengths spanning from 354 to 2139 nm. These measurements can be used to determine aerosol optical depth and other aerosol characteristics. Several versions of this instrument exist, including one developed by the NASA Ames Research Center.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Optical Depth/thickness > Angstrom Exponent
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Oxygen Compounds > Ozone
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrogen Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS) is an airborne cross-track scanning interferometer developed by the Space Science and Engineering Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. It measures emitted thermal radiation between 3.3 and 18 microns with high spectral resolution. These measurements help derive atmospheric profiles of temperature and water vapor in clear-sky conditions. S-HIS has a spatial resolution of 2 km and a swath width of 40 km at an altitude of 20 km at nadir. It operates at a sampling frequency of 0.5 seconds and has an absolute radiance accuracy of 0.2 K.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Profiles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Atmospheric Emitted Radiation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
SMAPVEX
Soil Moisture Active Passive Validation Experiment
2008—2022
United States, Canada, Iowa, Maryland, Arizona, Massachusetts, Manitoba
view all deployment dates
5 Deployments
· 25 Data Products| 2008-09-20 | 2008-10-19 |
| 2012-06-06 | 2012-07-19 |
| 2015-08-02 | 2015-08-18 |
| 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-16 |
| 2022-04-02 | 2022-08-09 |
The Passive Active L- and S-band Sensor (PALS) is a combined airborne polarimetric radiometer and radar developed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). It was designed to evaluate the advantages of merging passive and active remote sensors for measuring ocean salinity and soil moisture. Both the radiometer and radar in PALS operate across the L-band (1.41 GHz, 1.26 GHz) and S-band (2.69 GHz, 3.15 GHz) frequencies to measure brightness temperature and radar backscatter related to ocean salinity and soil moisture. Depending on the aircraft's altitude, PALS has a spatial resolution ranging from 600 to 1500 meters. Its design allows for installation on various aircraft and is typically used to validate observations from the Aquarius and SMAP satellite observations.
Earth Science > Land Surface > Soils > Soil Moisture/water Content
Earth Science > Oceans > Salinity/density > Salinity
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Backscatter
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Cross-section
SMEX
Soil Moisture Experiment
2002—2005
Iowa, Oklahoma, Georgia, Alabama, Arizona, Sonora, Mexico
view all deployment dates
4 Deployments
· 0 Data Products| 2005-06-10 | 2005-07-08 |
| 2004-07-20 | 2004-08-26 |
| 2002-06-15 | 2002-07-23 |
| 2003-06-16 | 2003-07-21 |
LI-COR Gas Analyzer is an in situ gas analyzer manufactured by LI-COR. They can be deployed on aircraft, research vessels, vehicles, balloons, and ground-based platforms. They provide measurements of various trace gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapor (H2O). Most models use Optical Feedback-Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) to collect measurements. LI-COR gas analyzers have a typical measurement rate of 1 Hz and an operating temperature range of -25 to 45 degrees Celsius.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Ammonia
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrous Oxide
Rosemount Pressure Probes are in situ airborne pressure sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide high-precision atmospheric pressure measurements and are typically used to gather flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Pressure Probes consist of various pressure transducers, gauges, and multivariable and coplanar transmitters.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Differential Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Accelerometers are in situ sensors that measure the acceleration experienced by an object. Accelerometers utilize electromagnetic sensing to detect the vibration of an object. The force of vibration causes the sensor to produce an electrical charge, indicating how much force was exerted, which can be used to determine the acceleration. Accelerometers are typically used on aircraft when collecting flight navigation information. Accelerometers have also been deployed on research vessels and other water-based platforms such as buoys.
Earth Science > >
Generic-Radiometers refer to non-specific radiometers on a platform. These are typically passive microwave radiometers that measure brightness temperature. Radiometers can be used to retrieve temperature and water vapor profiles, soil moisture content, ocean salinity, precipitation and cloud properties, and vegetation.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
The Precision Radiation Thermometer (PRT-5) is an in situ infrared temperature sensor. It makes non-contact infrared (8-14 μm) temperature measurements between -50 to 150 degrees Celsius with an accuracy of 0.5 degrees Celsius. It has a typical field of view of 2 degrees and a response time of either 0.3 Hz, 3 Hz, or 30 Hz. PRT-5 can be deployed on aircraft, vehicles, research vessels, and other ground-based platforms. It can be used for sea surface, ocean water, cloud, and air temperature measurements.
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Upper Air Temperature
Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Rosemount Temperature Probes are in situ airborne temperature sensors manufactured by Rosemount, Inc. They provide atmospheric temperature measurements and are typically used to collect flight-level meteorological observations. Rosemount Temperature Probes consist of temperature transmitters, thermocouple sensors, resistance temperature detectors, and other temperature sensors.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Upper Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
This data will be added in future versions
Earth Science > >
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
Generic-Chemistry Related Sensors (Gen-Chemistry) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for atmospheric chemistry measurements. These are typically in situ analyzers that measure various chemical compounds such as trace gases, halocarbons, volatile organic compounds, nitrates, aerosols, and other chemical species. Measurements can include mixing ratio, composition, particle size, optical properties, and particle size distribution.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality > Volatile Organic Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Air Quality
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds
Video cameras capture video recordings of various phenomena for research purposes. They are used on aircraft to provide continuous views of weather and terrain below the flight path. Video cameras are also employed to verify the aircraft's flight track. Additionally, they are deployed at field sites to monitor changes in vegetation, land cover, clouds, air quality, glaciers, and other Earth science phenomena.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
SnowEx
2016—2023
Colorado, Idaho, Utah, Alaska
Ongoing
view all deployment dates
4 Deployments
· 26 Data Products| 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-26 |
| 2019-11-14 | 2020-03-12 |
| 2020-11-16 | 2021-05-27 |
| 2022-10-22 | 2023-10-28 |
This data will be added in future versions
Earth Science > >
The Snow Water Equivalent Synthetic Aperture Radar and Radiometer (SWESARR) is an airborne remote sensor developed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). It consists of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and a microwave radiometer for retrievals of snow water equivalent (SWE). The SAR instrument measures radar backscatter across three frequency bands: 9.65, 13.6, and 17.25 GHz. It has a nominal range resolution of 1.1 m and a swath width of about 250 to 450 m, depending on the operating frequency. The radiometer measures brightness temperature across three frequency bands: 10.65, 18.7, and 36.5 GHz. At a nominal altitude of 1500 m, it has a spatial resolution of 496 x 353 m, 282 x 200 m, and 144 x 102 m for the X-band, K-band, and Ka-band frequencies, respectively.
Earth Science > Terrestrial Hydrosphere > Snow/ice > Snow Water Equivalent
Earth Science > Cryosphere > Snow/ice > Snow Water Equivalent
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Backscatter
SnowEx
2016—2023
Colorado, Idaho, Utah, Alaska
Ongoing
view all deployment dates
4 Deployments
· 26 Data Products| 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-26 |
| 2019-11-14 | 2020-03-12 |
| 2020-11-16 | 2021-05-27 |
| 2022-10-22 | 2023-10-28 |
The Snow Water Equivalent Synthetic Aperture Radar and Radiometer (SWESARR) is an airborne remote sensor developed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). It consists of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and a microwave radiometer for retrievals of snow water equivalent (SWE). The SAR instrument measures radar backscatter across three frequency bands: 9.65, 13.6, and 17.25 GHz. It has a nominal range resolution of 1.1 m and a swath width of about 250 to 450 m, depending on the operating frequency. The radiometer measures brightness temperature across three frequency bands: 10.65, 18.7, and 36.5 GHz. At a nominal altitude of 1500 m, it has a spatial resolution of 496 x 353 m, 282 x 200 m, and 144 x 102 m for the X-band, K-band, and Ka-band frequencies, respectively.
Earth Science > Terrestrial Hydrosphere > Snow/ice > Snow Water Equivalent
Earth Science > Cryosphere > Snow/ice > Snow Water Equivalent
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Radar > Radar Backscatter
HSI-HABs
Hyperspectral Imaging of Harmful Algae Blooms
2015—2019
Western Lake Erie
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5 Deployments
· 0 Data Products| 2015-07-13 | 2015-10-19 |
| 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-25 |
| 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-18 |
| 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-12 |
| 2019-08-09 | 2019-09-27 |
The Hyperspectral Imager (HSI) is an airborne hyperspectral pushbroom imaging system developed by the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC). It collects radiance measurements of the Earth's surface in the 400 to 900 nm wavelength range with a spectral resolution of 2.5 nm. HSI has a spatial resolution of approximately 1 m and a swath width of 658 m for a flight altitude of 3 km. It has been used for the mapping of harmful algal blooms (HABs) within the Great Lakes.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Radiance
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths
Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem Postlaunch Airborne eXperiment
2024
Southern and Central California
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 14 Data Products| 2024-08-28 | 2024-09-30 |
The Passive-Cavity Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (PCASP) is an in situ airborne optical spectrometer manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It detects light scattered by particles to determine aerosol size distribution and concentration within the 0.1 to 3.0 μm range. PCASP operates at a wavelength of 632 nm and typically samples at 10 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
The King Probe is an in situ airborne cloud instrument developed by Warren King (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) and manufactured by Particle Measuring Systems (PMS) and Droplet Measurement Technologies (DMT). The King Probe measures cloud liquid water content (LWC) by detecting the heat released when water droplets vaporize. It operates at a constant temperature of approximately 100°C and has a data output rate of 1 to 10 Hz. The probe is commonly used in studies of cloud microphysics and aircraft icing.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
The Cloud Aerosol and Precipitation Spectrometer (CAPS) is an in situ airborne spectrometer manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It combines the Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP), the Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS), and the Hotwire Liquid Water Content (LWC) Sensor into a single instrument. CAPS measures the size distribution of aerosol, cloud, and liquid droplets for particles between 50-1600 μm in size, with a time resolution of 1 Hz. It can also capture images of cloud particles and provide measurements of temperature, pressure, and LWC.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Droplet Size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
The Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP) is an in situ airborne optical array probe manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It captures cloud particle images by recording shadows as particles pass through a laser. Additionally, it provides data on particle size distribution and cloud liquid water content. CIP typically has a resolution of 25 μm and can measure particles ranging from 12.5 μm to 1.55 mm.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
Nephelometers are in situ optical sensors that can be airborne or ground-based. They measure the total scattering and backscattering of aerosol particles in the atmosphere. Nephelometers operate at three wavelengths: 450 nm, 550 nm, and 700 nm, with a typical time resolution of 1 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Forward Scatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Backscatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Extinction
The Langley Aerosol Research Group Experiment (LARGE) is an in situ airborne instrument suite that measures aerosol and cloud microphysical and optical properties, such as size distribution, number concentration, and scattering and absorption coefficients. LARGE includes several instruments, such as the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS), Particle-Into-Liquid Sampler (PILS), Particle Soot Absorption Photometer (PSAP), Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS), Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP), and additional cloud and aerosol sensors. The LARGE instruments operate over the 450-700 nm wavelength range, detect particles ranging from 0.003 to 20 μm, and measure at a frequency of 1 Hz. It is primarily used for airborne measurements but can also be deployed on ground-based platforms like vehicles.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Optical Depth/thickness
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Extinction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Condensation Nuclei
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Optical Depth/thickness
The Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS) is an in situ airborne spectrometer manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It measures light scattering at 658 nm to determine aerosol and cloud particle size distributions from 0.51 to 50 μm. It also provides measurements of the refractive index and particle shape. CAS has a typical time resolution of 1 Hz and can measure concentrations greater than 1,000 particles per cubic meter.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
The Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) is an in situ spectrometer manufactured by TSI Instruments. APS measures aerodynamic particles in the 0.5-20 μm size range. It also measures the light-scattering intensity of the particles in the 0.37-20 μm optical size range. APS provides particle size distributions for 52 channels at a typical sampling time of 1 second. It uses a laser diode operating at 655 nm and has a size resolution of 0.02 μm at 1 μm. APS can be deployed on aircraft, ships, or ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Particle Soot Absorption Photometer (PSAP) is an in situ airborne photometer manufactured by Radiance Research. It applies Beer's Law to measure the change in light transmission of aerosol particles. These measurements help determine aerosol absorption and extinction. PSAP operates across three wavelengths (467, 530, and 660 nm) and has a 1-second time resolution. It is usually deployed on aircraft, but it can also be used on ships and vehicles.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Extinction
Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs) are in situ sensors that measure aerosol particle concentrations. CPCs determine aerosol levels by condensing fluid onto particles, causing them to grow to sizes detectable by optical scattering. Typically, CPCs can detect particles ranging from 7 nm to 3 μm, measure concentrations up to 100,000 particles per cubic centimeter, and provide readings every second. CPCs are manufactured by TSI Incorporated and can be used on airborne, shipborne, and ground-based platforms.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Printed Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS) is an in situ spectrometer that measures particle size and concentration. POPS can be mounted on UAVs or balloons to gather vertical aerosol particle profiles. Operating at a typical wavelength of 405 nm, POPS provides measurements roughly every second and detects particles from 140 nm to 3000 nm in size.
Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Public Health > Environmental Health Factors > Particulate Matter Concentrations
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Particulate Matter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
This data will be added in future versions
Earth Science > >
The Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) is an in situ spectrometer developed by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It can be used on both airborne and ground-based platforms to measure aerosol size distribution and concentration. UHSAS determines particle size by detecting the peak light signals from aerosol particles illuminated by a 1054 nm laser. It can sample particles in the 60–1000 nm size range and operates at a sampling frequency of 10 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
MILAGRO
Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations
2006
Mexico City Metropolitan Area
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 0 Data Products| 2006-03-01 | 2006-03-30 |
LI-COR Gas Analyzer is an in situ gas analyzer manufactured by LI-COR. They can be deployed on aircraft, research vessels, vehicles, balloons, and ground-based platforms. They provide measurements of various trace gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapor (H2O). Most models use Optical Feedback-Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) to collect measurements. LI-COR gas analyzers have a typical measurement rate of 1 Hz and an operating temperature range of -25 to 45 degrees Celsius.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Ammonia
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Nitrogen Compounds > Nitrous Oxide
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform used for measurements of atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed/direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
The Fourier Transformation Spectrometer (FTS) is a high-resolution spectrometer used both in airborne and ground-based applications. FTS measures the solar radiance reflected from the surface, which can be used to estimate levels of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) in the atmosphere. It offers a spatial resolution of approximately 100m by 1000m and operates at a measurement frequency of 1 Hz during typical research flights.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Methane
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Dioxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Carbon Monoxide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation > Solar Irradiance
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Radiation
The Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) is an in situ spectrometer developed by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It can be used on both airborne and ground-based platforms to measure aerosol size distribution and concentration. UHSAS determines particle size by detecting the peak light signals from aerosol particles illuminated by a 1054 nm laser. It can sample particles in the 60–1000 nm size range and operates at a sampling frequency of 10 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
The Whole Air Sampler (WAS) is an airborne in-situ instrument that collects air samples for analyzing trace gases, such as nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), halocarbons, alkyl nitrates, and various sulfur compounds found in the troposphere. Air samples collected by the WAS are then analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify the gases present. The WAS collects samples every minute, allowing scientists to get a clear picture of the environment's chemical composition as research aircraft pass through.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds > Non-methane Hydrocarbons/volatile Organic Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Sulfur Compounds > Dimethyl Sulfide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens > Halocarbons
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Sulfur Compounds > Carbonyl Sulfide
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Nitrate Particles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Trace Gases/trace Species
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Sulfur Compounds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Halocarbons And Halogens
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Chemistry > Carbon And Hydrocarbon Compounds
Nephelometers are in situ optical sensors that can be airborne or ground-based. They measure the total scattering and backscattering of aerosol particles in the atmosphere. Nephelometers operate at three wavelengths: 450 nm, 550 nm, and 700 nm, with a typical time resolution of 1 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Forward Scatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Backscatter
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Extinction
Digital cameras are used to provide imagery for research applications. Cameras are used on aircraft to collect aerial imagery for mapping and surveying, environmental monitoring, cloud observations, agriculture, geological studies, and other Earth science applications. They are also used at field sites to capture visual observations to monitor changes in land cover, vegetation, clouds, air quality, glaciers, and other phenomena.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
GRAINEX
Great Plains Irrigation Experiment
2018
Southeastern Nebraska
view all deployment dates
1 Deployment
· 0 Data Products| 2018-05-29 | 2018-07-30 |
The Goddard Radio Frequency Explorer (GREX) is an airborne microwave radiometer developed at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). It measures brightness temperature at the L-band frequency (1400-1427 MHz), similar to the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite when paired with an appropriate antenna. GREX is used for radio-frequency interference (RFI) surveys and soil moisture content measurement. It has a spatial resolution of less than 1 km and a sampling rate of 400 megasamples per second (MSPS) for two polarization channels.
Earth Science > Land Surface > Soils > Soil Moisture/water Content
Earth Science > Agriculture > Soils > Soil Moisture/water Content
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Microwave Radiance
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